By Rick Rozoff, OpEd             News
     
      On December 22 both houses of the U.S. Congress unanimously passed       a bill authorizing $725 billion for next year's Defense Department       budget.
     
      The bill, the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year       2011, was approved by all 100 senators as required and by a voice       vote in the House.
     
      The House had approved the bill, now sent to President Barack       Obama to sign into law, five days earlier in a 341-48 roll call,       but needed to vote on it again after the Senate altered it in the       interim.
     
      The proposed figure for the Pentagon's 2011 war chest includes, in       addition to the base budget, $158.7 billion for what are now       euphemistically referred to as overseas contingency operations:       The military occupation of Iraq and the war in Afghanistan.
     
      The $725 billion figure, although $17 billion more than the White       House had requested, is not the final word on the subject,       however, as supplements could be demanded as early as the       beginning of next year, especially in regard to the Afghan war       that will then be in its eleventh calendar year.
     
      Even as it currently is, the amount is the highest in constant       dollars (pegged at any given year's dollar and adjusted for       inflation) since 1945, the final year of the Second World War.       With recent U.S. census figures at 308 million, next year the       Pentagon will spend $2,354 for every citizen of the country at the       $725 billion price tag alone.
     
      Last year's Pentagon budget, by way of comparison, was $680       billion, a base budget of $533.8 billion and the remainder for       operations in Afghanistan and Iraq. In July of this year Congress       approved the 2010 Supplemental Appropriations Act which contained       an additional $37 billion for the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
     
      Next year's defense authorization of $725 billion compares to,       according to the Center for Defense Information, a Pentagon budget       of $444.6 billion in 1946; $460.4 billion in 1968, the highest       yearly amount during the Vietnam War; and $443.4 billion in 1988,       the highest during the eight years of the Ronald Reagan       administration's massive military buildup. (Numbers in 2004       constant dollars.) [1]
     
      The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute estimates       American military spending for 2009 to have accounted for 43       percent of the world total. Carl Conetta, co-director of the       Project on Defense Alternatives, earlier this year estimated the       2010 U.S. defense budget to constitute 47 percent of total       worldwide military expenditures and to amount to 19 percent of all       American federal spending.
     
      In addition, Pentagon spending has increased by 100 percent since       1998 and "the Obama budget plans to spend more on the Pentagon       over eight years than any administration has since World War II."       [2]
      
      With 2.25 million full-time civilian and military personnel,       excluding part-time National Guard and Reserve members, the       Defense Department is the U.S.'s largest employer, outstripping       Walmart with 1.4 million employees and the U.S Post Office with       599,000. [3]
     
      "Add in what Homeland Security, Veterans Affairs, and the Energy       departments spend on defense and total US military spending will       reach $861 billion in fiscal 2011, exceeding that of all other       nations combined," according to Todd Harrison, senior fellow for       Defense Budget Studies at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary       Assessments. [4]
     
      In April Robert Higgs of The Independent Institute advocated that       the budgets - in part or in whole - of the departments of Veterans       Affairs, Homeland Security, Energy, State and Treasury and the       National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) should be       calculated in the real military budget, which would in 2009 would       have increased it to $901.5 billion.
     
      "Adding [the] interest component to the previous all-agency total,       the grand total comes to $1,027.8 billion, which is 61.5 percent       greater than the Pentagon's outlays alone."
     
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