Afghan opiate use doubled in last 5 years, UN says

Use of opiate drugs such as heroin and opium has doubled in Afghanistan since 2005 — with nearly 3 percent of Afghan adults now addicted, according to a U.N. report released Monday.

The data suggest that even as the U.S. and its allies have poured billions into programs to try to wean the Afghan economy off of drug money, opium and heroin have become more entrenched in the lives of ordinary Afghans, creating yet another barrier to international efforts to knock out support for the trade that fuels the Taliban insurgency.

"The human face of Afghanistan's drug problem is not only seen on the streets of Moscow, London or Paris. It is in the eyes of its own citizens, dependent on a daily dose of opium and heroin above all — but also cannabis, painkillers and tranquilizers," said Antonio Maria Costa, executive director of the U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime.

Some Afghan addicts say they started using drugs to blunt the agonies of the grinding war. In some areas, users also give opium to their children to quiet them, the report says.

Afghanistan supplies 90 percent of the world's opium, the main ingredient in heroin, and is the global leader in hashish production. Drug crops have helped finance insurgents and encourage corruption — particularly the opium poppy crop in the south where the Taliban control cultivation and smuggling routes.

The Afghan government and its international backers have made a massive effort in recent years to discourage farmers from growing opium poppy, and its cultivation dropped 22 percent last year. Some of the drop is likely due to lower market prices, but the government has said it also shows that the Afghan war on drugs is having some success. Twenty of the country's 34 provinces were declared poppy-free in 2009.

Yet about 1 million Afghans — 8 percent of those between the ages of 15 and 64 — are regular drug users, and the use of opiates has spiked in recent years, according to the survey of 2,614 drug users throughout the country.

In 2005, 1.4 percent of the adult population were regular opiate abusers, the report said. But four years later, that number at almost 3 percent.

The number of regular opium users jumped 53 percent to 230,000 in 2009 from 150,000 in 2005, while regular heroin users more than doubled to 120,000 from 50,000, according to the report. Much of the jump in heroine use was in the south.

"We've never seen anything like this in the history anywhere across the world. So it is alarming," said Sarah Waller, who works on projects to reduce drug demand with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, which published the report.

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